Ecology And General Silviculture MCQs

Option A: Two or more rotations

Option B: Ten or more rotations

Option C: Twenty or more rotations

Option D: None of these

Correct Answer: Two or more rotations ✔

Option A: Selection of standards of coppice rotation age for reservation.

Option B: Thinning of standards of two coppice rotations and over.

Option C: Felling of mature standards

Option D: Clear-felling the remaining coppice

Correct Answer: All of the above ✔

Option A: Simple coppice system

Option B: Shelterwood coppice system

Option C: Uniform system

Option D: None of these

Correct Answer: Shelterwood coppice system ✔

Option A: 5 years

Option B: 7 years

Option C: 10 years

Option D: None of these

Correct Answer: 10 years ✔

Option A: Simple coppice system

Option B: Complex coppice system

Option C: Uniform system

Option D: None of these

Correct Answer: Simple coppice system ✔

Option A: Punjab

Option B: Sindh

Option C: Baluchistan

Option D: KPK

Correct Answer: Punjab ✔

Option A: Upper planting

Option B: Under planting

Option C: Both (a) & (b)

Option D: None of these

Correct Answer: Under planting ✔

Option A: A systems where the crop originates from coppice and where the rotation of the coppice is short.

Option B: A systems where the crop originates from coppice and where the rotation of the coppice is long.

Option C: Both (a) & (b)

Option D: None of these

Correct Answer: A systems where the crop originates from coppice and where the rotation of the coppice is short. ✔

Option A: The quality of the timber may be inferior to that grown in even-aged crops

Option B: The whole are being always under regeneration

Option C: The light conditions provided by the irregular crop of mixed ages may result in the young growth having a poor chance to develop, except with shadebearing species

Option D: The fellings are scattered over comparatively large areas

Correct Answer: All of the above ✔

Option A: Two-storied high forest

Option B: Three-storied high forest

Option C: Four-storied high forest

Option D: Five -storied high forest

Correct Answer: Two-storied high forest ✔

Option A: Simmons and H.M.Rana

Option B: Champion, Seth and Kattak

Option C: Ahmad Hussain

Option D: None of these

Correct Answer: Champion, Seth and Kattak ✔

Option A: This method is extremely simple

Option B: Natural flora is preserved

Option C: More volume per acre

Option D: All of the above

Correct Answer: All of the above ✔

Option A: Irregular Shelterwood system

Option B: Coppice system

Option C: Both (a) & (b)

Option D: None of these

Correct Answer: Coppice system ✔

Option A: Seashore of Karachi

Option B: In the Hills of Punjab

Option C: Plains of Punjab

Option D: None of these

Correct Answer: In the Hills of Punjab ✔

Option A: Selection system

Option B: Irregular Shelterwood system

Option C: Uniform system

Option D: None of these

Correct Answer: Selection system ✔

Option A: Uniform system

Option B: Group system

Option C: Clear strip system

Option D: None of these

Correct Answer: Group system ✔

Option A: Gayer’s line

Option B: Group system

Option C: Clear strip system

Option D: None of these

Correct Answer: A. Gayer’s line ✔

Option A: Hills

Option B: Plains

Option C: Both (a) & (b)

Option D: None of these

Correct Answer: Both (a) & (b) ✔

Option A: The preparatory felling

Option B: The seeding felling

Option C: The secondary and final fellings

Option D: All of the above

Correct Answer: All of the above ✔

Option A: Clear strip system

Option B: Uniform system

Option C: Uniform system

Option D: None of these

Correct Answer: Uniform system ✔

Option A: Shelterwood compartment system

Option B: Regular system

Option C: Successive regeneration system

Option D: All of the above

Correct Answer: All of the above ✔

Option A: Silvicultural system

Option B: Crop growth

Option C: Both (a) & (b)

Option D: None of these

Correct Answer: Silvicultural system ✔

Option A: Natural regeneration from seed

Option B: Natural regeneration from coopice

Option C: Artificial regeneration sowing and planting

Option D: All of the above

Correct Answer: All of the above ✔

Option A: Accessory system

Option B: Coppices system

Option C: Uniform system

Option D: None of these

Correct Answer: Coppices system ✔

Option A: Clear felling system

Option B: Selection system

Option C: Accessory system

Option D: None of these

Correct Answer: Clear felling system ✔

Option A: High forest with standards

Option B: Two-storied high forest

Option C: Wedge system

Option D: None of these

Correct Answer: Two-storied high forest ✔

Option A: High forest with standards

Option B: Selection system

Option C: Two-storied high forest

Option D: None of these

Correct Answer: High forest with standards ✔

Option A: Uniform system

Option B: Group system

Option C: Irregular system

Option D: Strip system

Correct Answer: Irregular system ✔

Option A: Wedge system

Option B: Uniform system

Option C: Strip system

Option D: None of these

Correct Answer: Wedge system ✔

Option A: Uniform system

Option B: Wedge system

Option C: Strip system

Option D: Selection system

Correct Answer: Selection system ✔

Option A: Uniform system

Option B: Group system

Option C: Irregular system shelterwood system

Option D: Strip system

Correct Answer: Uniform system ✔

Option A: Uniform system

Option B: Group system

Option C: Irregular system

Option D: Strip system

Correct Answer: Group system ✔

Option A: The methods adopted for the regeneration of the crop

Option B: The character of the crops produced by such system

Option C: Distribution of the age-classes over the area of the forest

Option D: All of the above

Correct Answer: All of the above ✔

Option A: Clear felling system

Option B: System of successive regeneration fellings

Option C: Both (a) & (b)

Option D: None of these

Correct Answer: Both (a) & (b) ✔

Option A: The soil should be kept moist as far as possible especially in the season of windstorms. Moist soil is less vulnerable to wind erosion than dry soil

Option B: Wind breaks by planting tree in rows or shelter belts of any means are effective in wind erosion

Option C: Both (a) & (b)

Option D: None of these

Correct Answer: Both (a) & (b) ✔

Option A: It is the process by which the crops constituting a forest are tended, removed and replaced by new crops, resulting in the production on woods of a distinctive form

Option B: Rearing of silk worm

Option C: It is a kind of upland watersheds

Option D: None of these

Correct Answer: It is the process by which the crops constituting a forest are tended, removed and replaced by new crops, resulting in the production on woods of a distinctive form ✔

Option A: Splash

Option B: Sheet

Option C: Rill

Option D: Gully

Correct Answer: None of these ✔

Option A: Siltation

Option B: Soil creep

Option C: Suspension

Option D: All of the above

Correct Answer: All of the above ✔

Option A: Removal of the natural vegetation cover

Option B: Cultivation of land by crops which expose the soil to direct rain impact and runoff water

Option C: Both (a) & (b)

Option D: None of these

Correct Answer: Both (a) & (b) ✔

Option A: Amount of rainfall

Option B: Slope length

Option C: Slope gradient

Option D: Soil erodibility

Correct Answer: All of the above ✔

Option A: Normal or geological

Option B: Accelerated

Option C: Both (a) & (b)

Option D: None of these

Correct Answer: Both (a) & (b) ✔

Option A: Soil erosion by water

Option B: Soil erosion by wind

Option C: Both (a) & (b)

Option D: None of these

Correct Answer: Both (a) & (b) ✔

Option A: Humus

Option B: Mull

Option C: Peat and Much

Option D: All of the above

Correct Answer: All of the above ✔

Option A: Gravitational

Option B: Capillary

Option C: Hygroscopic

Option D: All of the above

Correct Answer: All of the above ✔

Option A: Hygroscopic co-efficient

Option B: Water holding capacity

Option C: Field Capacity

Option D: All of the above

Correct Answer: All of the above ✔

Option A: Evergreen trees

Option B: Deciduous trees

Option C: Herbaceous perennials

Option D: All of the above

Correct Answer: All of the above ✔

Option A: Residual

Option B: Transported

Option C: Colluvial

Option D: Alluvial

Correct Answer: All of the above ✔

Option A: Are ordinary plants growing under average conditions

Option B: The occupy intermediate conditions between xerophyte and hydrophytes

Option C: Some trees and stress with deciduous leaves show marked seasonal differences

Option D: All of the above

Correct Answer: All of the above ✔

Option A: Grow in desert or dry, hot, sandy place with scanty rainfall

Option B: A desert habitant is characterized by Blarcity of water in soil, extremely dry intense light, high temp and strong winds

Option C: Both (a) & (b)

Option D: None of these

Correct Answer: Both (a) & (b) ✔

Option A: The pants are usually stunted in growth

Option B: Roots and stem are poorly developed

Option C: Leaves are large and tend to avoid water less lam transpiration

Option D: All of the above

Correct Answer: All of the above ✔

Option A: A group or community of plants living together in common habitat

Option B: A group may include different species of plants, belonging to different families

Option C: Both (a) & (b)

Option D: None of these

Correct Answer: Both (a) & (b) ✔

Option A: A reduction of the protective, conducting and supporting tissues

Option B: Absences of palisade tissue

Option C: Both (a) & (b)

Option D: None of these

Correct Answer: Both (a) & (b) ✔

Option A: The produces in forest are actual at different strata from the ground level to the canopy of trees.

Option B: The litter and consequently the humus layers is thick

Option C: Both (a) & (b)

Option D: None of these

Correct Answer: Both (a) & (b) ✔

Option A: Riverain

Option B: Estuarine

Option C: Coniferous

Option D: All of the above

Correct Answer: All of the above ✔

Option A: Primary succession

Option B: Secondary succession

Option C: Both (a) & (b)

Option D: None of these

Correct Answer: Both (a) & (b) ✔

Option A: Monoclimax

Option B: Polyclimax

Option C: Sub-climax

Option D: Disclimax

Correct Answer: All of the above ✔

Option A: A change in the composition and nature of plant community of particular habitat over the years

Option B: Any habitat can be studied systematically provided the area is free from any external disturbance

Option C: Both (a) & (b)

Option D: None of these

Correct Answer: Both (a) & (b) ✔

Option A: Environmental changes produced as a result of reaction to the community become favorable for new species of plants

Option B: Physiographic factors produce change in the habitat like flooding of plains, soil erosion, change in temperature, rain etc.

Option C: Both (a) & (b)

Option D: None of these

Correct Answer: Both (a) & (b) ✔

Option A: Inorganic

Option B: Organic

Option C: Climatic

Option D: All of the above

Correct Answer: All of the above ✔

Option A: Producers (Autotrophy)

Option B: Macroconsumers (Heterotrophs)

Option C: Microconsumers (Saprotrophs/Decomposers)

Option D: All of the above

Correct Answer: All of the above ✔

Option A: Lithosphere

Option B: Hydrosphere

Option C: Atmosphere

Option D: All of the above

Correct Answer: All of the above ✔

Option A: Population ecology

Option B: Community ecology

Option C: Ecosystem ecology

Option D: All of the above

Correct Answer: All of the above ✔

Option A: A basic functional ecology unit including both biotic

Option B: Abiotic component mutually adjusting with each other for the maintenance of life

Option C: Both (a) & (b)

Option D: None of these

Correct Answer: ✔

Option A: Abiotic

Option B: Biotic

Option C: Both (a) & (b)

Option D: None of these

Correct Answer: Both (a) & (b) ✔

Option A: Climatic

Option B: Edaphic factors

Option C: Topography

Option D: All of the above

Correct Answer: All of the above ✔

Option A: Autecology

Option B: Synecology

Option C: Both (a) & (b)

Option D: None of these

Correct Answer: Both (a) & (b) ✔

Option A: Tertiary Production

Option B: Gross Production (GP)

Option C: Net Production (NP)

Option D: Secondary Production

Correct Answer: Gross Production (GP) ✔

Option A: Pyramid of biomass

Option B: Pyramid of energy

Option C: Pyramid of number

Option D: Trophic levels

Correct Answer: Pyramid of biomass ✔

Option A: Abiotic factors

Option B: Biotic factors

Option C: Both (a) & (b)

Option D: None of these

Correct Answer: Both (a) & (b) ✔

Option A: Grass-insect-bird-snake

Option B: Grass-bird-insect-snake

Option C: Snake-bird-insect-grass

Option D: Grass-snake-bird-insect

Correct Answer: Grass-insect-bird-snake ✔

Option A: Producers

Option B: Decomposers

Option C: Primary consumers

Option D: Secondary consumers

Correct Answer: Decomposers ✔

Option A: Elton

Option B: Odum

Option C: Reiter

Option D: None of these

Correct Answer: Elton ✔

Option A: High stability and low resilience

Option B: Low stability and low resilience

Option C: Low stability and high resilience

Option D: High stability and high resilience

Correct Answer: High stability and high resilience ✔

Option A: Producers

Option B: Decomposers

Option C: Herbivores

Option D: Carnivores

Correct Answer: ✔

Option A: Trophic level 1st and herbivores

Option B: Primary consumers and herbivores

Option C: Primary carnivore and trophic level 2nd

Option D: Secondary consumer and herbivores

Correct Answer: Primary consumers and herbivores ✔

Option A: Solar energy

Option B: Biomass

Option C: Producer

Option D: Carbohydrates

Correct Answer: Solar energy ✔

Option A: Decomposers

Option B: Consumers

Option C: Producers

Option D: All the above

Correct Answer: Producers ✔

Option A: Macroconsumer

Option B: Decomposer

Option C: Omnivore

Option D: Producer

Correct Answer: Decomposer ✔

Option A: Autotrophs

Option B: Heterotrophs

Option C: Organotrophs

Option D: Auto heterotrophs

Correct Answer: Heterotrophs ✔

Option A: Uniform

Option B: Variable

Option C: Absent

Option D: Unpredictable

Correct Answer: Uniform ✔

Option A: Tropical deciduous forests

Option B: Temperate coniferous forests

Option C: Temperate broad-leaf forest

Option D: Tropical rain forest

Correct Answer: Tropical rain forest ✔

Option A: Snakes and frogs

Option B: Water insects

Option C: Eagle and snakes

Option D: Insects and cattle

Correct Answer: Insects and cattle ✔

Option A: Temperate broad-leaf forest

Option B: Temperate coniferous forest

Option C: Chaparral

Option D: Desert

Correct Answer: Temperate coniferous forest ✔

Option A: Larix and Abies

Option B: Zizyphus and Butea

Option C: Shorea and Tectona

Option D: All of these

Correct Answer: Shorea and Tectona ✔

Option A: Cupressus sp.

Option B: Dalbergia sp.

Option C: Diospyros sp.

Option D: Quercus sp.

Correct Answer: Quercus sp. ✔

Option A: Lignin

Option B: Lipids

Option C: Cellulose

Option D: Hemi-cellulose

Correct Answer: Lignin ✔

Option A: Organisms that swim in water

Option B: Floating plants

Option C: Suspended lower plants

Option D: Animals associated with plants

Correct Answer: Organisms that swim in water ✔

Option A: Temperate grassland

Option B: Tropical savannah

Option C: Tropical rain forest

Option D: Desert

Correct Answer: Tropical savannah ✔

Option A: Grazing

Option B: Detritus

Option C: Soaking

Option D: Depleting

Correct Answer: Detritus ✔

Option A: Producer, consumer, decomposer

Option B: Producer, consumer, producer

Option C: Producer, decomposer, consumer

Option D: Consumer, producer, decomposer

Correct Answer: Producer, consumer, decomposer ✔

Option A: Multiplies very fast to produce massive biomass

Option B: Has association of nitrogen-fixing Rhizobium

Option C: Has association nitrogen fixing Cyanobacteria

Option D: Has association of mycorrhiza

Correct Answer: Has association nitrogen fixing Cyanobacteria ✔

Option A: First

Option B: Second

Option C: Third

Option D: Fourth

Correct Answer: First ✔

Option A: Pyramids of number

Option B: Pyramids of energy

Option C: Pyramids of biomass

Option D: Pyramids of dry biomass

Correct Answer: Pyramids of energy ✔

Option A: First trophic level

Option B: Second trophic level

Option C: Third trophic level

Option D: Fourth trophic level

Correct Answer: Fourth trophic level ✔

Option A: Pyramid of numbers in a grassland ecosystem

Option B: Pyramid of energy in a pond ecosystem

Option C: Pyramid of biomass in a grassland ecosystem

Option D: Pyramid of biomass in a pond ecosystem

Correct Answer: Pyramid of biomass in a pond ecosystem ✔

Option A: Top consumers

Option B: Secondary consumers

Option C: Primary consumers

Option D: Photo synthesizers

Correct Answer: Photo synthesizers ✔

Option A: Primary producer

Option B: Secondary Producer

Option C: Decomposer

Option D: Apex of food pyramids

Correct Answer: Apex of food pyramids ✔

Option A: 3 or 4

Option B: 3

Option C: 2

Option D: 1

Correct Answer: 3 or 4 ✔

Option A: Primary and secondary consumers are similar

Option B: Both biotic and abiotic components are different

Option C: The biotic components are almost similar

Option D: The abiotic components are almost similar

Correct Answer: Both biotic and abiotic components are different ✔

Option A: Sun

Option B: ATP

Option C: Sugar made by plant

Option D: Green plant

Correct Answer: Sun ✔