Renal System MCQs

Option A: ADH secretion in collecting duct

Option B: Constant solute load on distal tubule

Option C: Macula densa

Option D: Balance between ascending and descending loop of henle

Correct Answer: Constant solute load on distal tubule ✔

Option A: PCT

Option B: DCT

Option C: Loop of henle

Option D: Vasa recta

Correct Answer: PCT ✔

Option A: 250

Option B: 800

Option C: 1260

Option D: 1500

Correct Answer: 1260 ✔

Option A: HCO3-

Option B: Na+

Option C: CL-

Option D: PO4-2

Correct Answer: Na+ ✔

Option A: G.F.R

Option B: Renal plasma flow

Option C: Creatinine clearance

Option D: P.A.H. clearance

Correct Answer: G.F.R ✔

Option A: Aldosterone

Option B: Angiotensin II

Option C: Vasopressin

Option D: Epinephrine

Correct Answer: Epinephrine ✔

Option A: Inulin and mannitol

Option B: Urea and diodrast

Option C: PAH and Phenol red

Option D: Inulin and PAH

Correct Answer: Inulin and PAH ✔

Option A: Low

Option B: High

Option C: Same

Option D: Greatly increased

Correct Answer: Low ✔

Option A: Sodium

Option B: Potassium

Option C: Bicarbonate

Option D: Ammonia

Correct Answer: Sodium ✔

Option A: Loop of Henle

Option B: Distal convoluted tubule

Option C: Collecting duct

Option D: Proximal segment

Correct Answer: Proximal segment ✔

Option A: Plasma oncotic pressure is increased

Option B: Glomerular hydrostatic pressure is decreased

Option C: Tubular hydrostatic pressure is increased

Option D: Increased renal blood flow

Correct Answer: Increased renal blood flow ✔

Option A: One million

Option B: Two million

Option C: Four million

Option D: ½ million

Correct Answer: One million ✔

Option A: 1.5 l/day

Option B: 3 l/day

Option C: 0.5 l/day

Option D: 2 l/day

Correct Answer: 1.5 l/day ✔

Option A: 100%

Option B: 0%

Option C: 60%

Option D: 50%

Correct Answer: 100% ✔

Option A: More reabsorption in the PCT

Option B: More concentration in loop of Henle

Option C: More reabsorption of DCT and collecting ducts

Option D: All of these

Correct Answer: All of these ✔

Option A: PAH

Option B: Urea

Option C: Inulin

Option D: Glucose

Correct Answer: Inulin ✔

Option A: Renin

Option B: Erythropoietin

Option C: Vasopressin

Option D: 1,2,5 Dihydroxy cholecalciferol

Correct Answer: Vasopressin ✔

Option A: Urea

Option B: Chloride

Option C: Bicarbonate ion

Option D: Carbohydrate

Correct Answer: Bicarbonate ion ✔

Option A: Increase in renal blood flow

Option B: Increase in glomerular filtration rate

Option C: Increase in NaCl concentration in urine

Option D: Decrease in reabsorption of Na Cl

Correct Answer: Decrease in reabsorption of Na Cl ✔

Option A: 180 mg/dl

Option B: 325 mg/dl

Option C: 375 mg/dl

Option D: 375 mg/dl

Correct Answer: 375 mg/dl ✔

Option A: Anterior pituitary

Option B: Posterior pituitary

Option C: Adrenal cortex

Option D: Adrenal medulla

Correct Answer: Adrenal cortex ✔

Option A: Proximal tubule

Option B: Descending limb of loop of Henle

Option C: Ascending limb of loop of Henle

Option D: Collecting tubule

Correct Answer: Ascending limb of loop of Henle ✔

Option A: Henle’s loop

Option B: Distal tubule

Option C: Proximal tubule

Option D: Collecting duct

Correct Answer: A. Henle’s loop ✔

Option A: Proximal tubule

Option B: Loop of Henle

Option C: Vasa recta

Option D: Collecting tubule

Correct Answer: Collecting tubule ✔

Option A: Mannitol

Option B: Glycerol

Option C: Urea

Option D: All of the above

Correct Answer: All of the above ✔

Option A: PCT

Option B: DCT

Option C: Afferent arteriole

Option D: Efferent arteriole

Correct Answer: DCT ✔

Option A: Combining H+ with Cl- to form Hcl

Option B: Combining H+ and HCO3- via enzyme carbonic anhydrase

Option C: Trapping H+ by acetate

Option D: Trapping H+ by NH3+

Correct Answer: Trapping H+ by NH3+ ✔

Option A: Creatinine indicates glomerular filtration rate

Option B: Inulin is lower than that of urea

Option C: Chloride increases after in injection of aldosterone

Option D: PAH continues to rise as the plasma concentration of PAH increases

Correct Answer: PAH continues to rise as the plasma concentration of PAH increases ✔

Option A: Na is absorbed actively in descending loop of Henle

Option B: 60 to 70% of GFR is absorbed in proximal tubule

Option C: Absorption of water occurs in ascending loop of Henle

Option D: The filtrate reaching distal convoluted tubule is hypertonic with respect to surroundings

Correct Answer: 60 to 70% of GFR is absorbed in proximal tubule ✔

Option A: K+

Option B: Na+

Option C: Glucose

Option D: NH4+

Correct Answer: Na+ ✔

Option A: Cardiac failure

Option B: Low Na+ in proximal tubule

Option C: Sympathetic stimulation

Option D: High Na+ in proximal tubule

Correct Answer: High Na+ in proximal tubule ✔

Option A: 100 ml/min

Option B: 125 ml/min

Option C: 150 ml/min

Option D: 175 ml/min

Correct Answer: 125 ml/min ✔

Option A: <70,000 Mol.wt

Option B: Bound to plasma protein

Option C: Secreted by the tubules

Option D: Completely filtered by glomerulus

Correct Answer: Completely filtered by glomerulus ✔

Option A: 180 mg / dl

Option B: 100 mg/dl

Option C: 120 mg/dl

Option D: 80 mg/dl

Correct Answer: 180 mg / dl ✔

Option A: PCT

Option B: DCT

Option C: Loop of henle

Option D: None

Correct Answer: PCT ✔

Option A: Nephron

Option B: Glomerulus

Option C: Collecting ducts

Option D: Loop of Henle

Correct Answer: Nephron ✔

Option A: Bowman’s capsule

Option B: Proximal convoluted tubule

Option C: Distal convoluted tubule

Option D: Loop of Henle

Correct Answer: Proximal convoluted tubule ✔

Option A: Ureter

Option B: Major calyx

Option C: Minor calyx

Option D: Renal pyramid

Correct Answer: Minor calyx ✔

Option A: Sympathetic stimulation

Option B: Decrease in the concentration of sodium ions in the proximal tubules

Option C: Decrease in the concentration of sodium ions in the distal tubules

Option D: Fall in the BP

Correct Answer: Decrease in the concentration of sodium ions in the proximal tubules ✔

Option A: Serum creatinine

Option B: Serum phosphatase

Option C: Inulin test

Option D: Insulin test

Correct Answer: Inulin test ✔

Option A: Dysuria

Option B: Nocturia

Option C: Oliguria

Option D: Plyuria

Correct Answer: Oliguria ✔