Development Theories And Under Development MCQs

Option A: Shifting frontiers and growing population

Option B: Decline in purchasing capacity and growing unemployment

Option C: Technological changes and presence of large labour force

Option D: Growing population and prevailing unemployment

Correct Answer: Shifting frontiers and growing population ✔

Option A: Adam Smith

Option B: Keynes

Option C: Ricrodo

Option D: Marshall

Correct Answer: Marshall ✔

Option A: He wrongly asserts that capitalism is crumbling and socialism is likely to replace it

Option B: His theory is defective in so far as it tries to present the spirit of enterprise as a phenomenon common to all social organisations

Option C: His assumption that all innovations are financed by borrowings is not correct because banks generally provide only short-term loans

Option D: None of the above

Correct Answer: None of the above ✔

Option A: Quickly catering to the tastes of the consumers

Option B: Bringing about changes in the tastes of consumers

Option C: Providing the existing goods at the lowest price

Option D: All the above actions

Correct Answer: Bringing about changes in the tastes of consumers ✔

Option A: His original contribution

Option B: Borrowed by him from Marx

Option C: Borrowed by Schumpeter from neo-classical thinkers

Option D: None of the above

Correct Answer: Borrowed by him from Marx ✔

Option A: It attaches too much importance to factors like political stability and attitude of the people

Option B: It completely ignores factors like political stability and attitudes of people

Option C: It refused to consider development as a gradual and continuous process

Option D: It completely ignores the importance of interest as a factor in establishing equilibrium between supply of savings and demand for capital

Correct Answer: It completely ignores factors like political stability and attitudes of people ✔

Option A: All the major income groups

Option B: Only the capitalists

Option C: Only the workers

Option D: None of the above

Correct Answer: All the major income groups ✔

Option A: Reiterated their faith in the people that wages are determined by supply and demand

Option B: Asserted that the wages are determined by the productivity of the last worker employed

Option C: Asserted that the wages of workers had consistently increased

Option D: None of the above

Correct Answer: Asserted that the wages are determined by the productivity of the last worker employed ✔

Option A: Class-struggle

Option B: Theory of surplus value

Option C: Centralisation of capital

Option D: None of the above

Correct Answer: None of the above ✔

Option A: It underestimated the possibility of technological progress

Option B: It failed to adequately analyze the problem of maintaining aggregate demand

Option C: It attached too much importance to the role of technology in development

Option D: None of the above

Correct Answer: It attached too much importance to the role of technology in development ✔

Option A: His original idea

Option B: Borrowed from Adam Smith

Option C: Borrowed from Marx

Option D: None of the above

Correct Answer: Borrowed from Adam Smith ✔

Option A: Ricardo

Option B: Adam Smith

Option C: J.S. Mill

Option D: Malthus

Correct Answer: Ricardo ✔

Option A: With the assistance of the government

Option B: Without interference by the government

Option C: Under the guidance of the government

Option D: Though the combination of all the above methods

Correct Answer: Without interference by the government ✔

Option A: Under stationary conditions

Option B: During periods of capital accumulation

Option C: Under both the above stated conditions

Option D: Under none of the above stated conditions

Correct Answer: Under stationary conditions ✔

Option A: When the market demand is sufficiently large

Option B: When the market is small

Option C: When the market is neither too small nor too large

Option D: Urder all types of markets

Correct Answer: When the market demand is sufficiently large ✔

Option A: Adam Smith

Option B: Marx

Option C: Marshall

Option D: All the above

Correct Answer: Adam Smith ✔

Option A: It leads to an increase in dexterity among workers

Option B: It leads to reduction in production time

Option C: It leads to invention of better machines and equipment

Option D: All the above factors

Correct Answer: All the above factors ✔

Option A: Adam Smith

Option B: Malthus

Option C: Ricardo

Option D: None of the above

Correct Answer: Malthus ✔

Option A: Malthus

Option B: Adam Smith

Option C: J.S Mill

Option D: All the above

Correct Answer: Malthus ✔

Option A: Land, labour and capital

Option B: Labour, capital and technology

Option C: Technology and capital

Option D: Labour and technology

Correct Answer: Land, labour and capital ✔

Option A: Adam Smith

Option B: Herbert Spencer

Option C: Karl Marx

Option D: All the above

Correct Answer: Adam Smith ✔

Option A: The form of government

Option B: The legal system

Option C: Standards of education and health

Option D: All the above

Correct Answer: All the above ✔

Option A: Abundance of national resources

Option B: Character of people

Option C: Frequent and free elections

Option D: Level of technology

Correct Answer: Frequent and free elections ✔

Option A: Removing underdevelopment

Option B: Encouraging underdevelopment

Option C: Maintaining status quo

Option D: Effected underdevelopment in no way

Correct Answer: Removing underdevelopment ✔

Option A: Per capita income

Option B: Rate of production

Option C: Growth rate

Option D: International trade

Correct Answer: Per capita income ✔

Option A: Capital

Option B: Interest

Option C: Land

Option D: Industrialisation

Correct Answer: Entrepreneurship ✔

Option A: Capital formation

Option B: Rate of interest

Option C: Surplus value

Option D: Dialectical materialism

Correct Answer: Rate of interest ✔

Option A: Nature of laws passed by the state

Option B: Method of recruitment

Option C: Method of paying wages to workers

Option D: Achievement and standards of public servants

Correct Answer: Method of paying wages to workers ✔

Option A: By reducing the wages rates

Option B: By increasing working hours

Option C: By resorting to technological advancement

Option D: By using labour saving devices

Correct Answer: By eliminating workers from the market ✔

Option A: It should be linked with industrialisation

Option B: It should be linked with level of absolute power

Option C: It should be linked with political stability

Option D: It should be linked with bureaucracy

Correct Answer: It should be linked with level of absolute power ✔

Option A: Population tended to come down when wages increased

Option B: Wages go high when land-population ratio is favourable

Option C: Profits are high when land-population ratio is favourable

Option D: Profit go high when rate of accumulation is large

Correct Answer: Population tended to come down when wages increased ✔

Option A: Political mobilisation

Option B: Political participation

Option C: Administrative advancement

Option D: Political stability

Correct Answer: Political stability ✔

Option A: Increased when low quality land was used

Option B: Increased when high quality land was used

Option C: When status quo was maintained about land

Option D: None of the above

Correct Answer: Increased when low quality land was used ✔

Option A: He supported the idea of division of labour

Option B: He laid stress on level of productivity

Option C: He stressed that division of labour did not depend on the size of the market

Option D: He laid stress on the accumulation of capital

Correct Answer: He stressed that division of labour did not depend on the size of the market ✔

Option A: Legal development

Option B: Industrialisation

Option C: Political modernisation

Option D: Standards of modern state

Correct Answer: Legal development ✔

Option A: Social product was the outcome of labour utilised

Option B: Level of wages could be arbitrarily fixed

Option C: Level of wages could not be changed by labour unions

Option D: Level of wages could not be changed by the Government

Correct Answer: Level of wages could be arbitrarily fixed ✔

Option A: Should be separated from each other

Option B: Both are contradictory to each other

Option C: Should be delinked from each other

Option D: Should be linked with each other

Correct Answer: Should be linked with each other ✔

Option A: It is a continuous process

Option B: It includes definitional priorities

Option C: It is set of values

Option D: There is implicit rank order of development

Correct Answer: It is a continuous process ✔

Option A: For them development is a gradual process

Option B: For them development has harmonious nature

Option C: For them development is non-cumulative

Option D: They believe in continued economic progress

Correct Answer: For them development is non-cumulative ✔

Option A: Should be destroyed

Option B: Should be preserved

Option C: Should be modified to certain extent

Option D: Was not conducive for the utilisation of existing resources

Correct Answer: Should be preserved ✔

Option A: It is wrong that capitalist keeps some workers permanently unemployed

Option B: Marx analysis of theory of wages is inadequate

Option C: Marx has rightly pin-pointed the effects of technological unemployment

Option D: None of the above

Correct Answer: Marx has rightly pin-pointed the effects of technological unemployment ✔

Option A: Extent of political mobilisation

Option B: Extent of political participation

Option C: Nature of laws passed by the state

Option D: Nature of political processes

Correct Answer: Nature of laws passed by the state ✔

Option A: Equality

Option B: Capacity

Option C: Differentiation

Option D: Population

Correct Answer: Population ✔

Option A: Capital formation

Option B: Decentralisation of power

Option C: Trade unionism

Option D: Technological advancement

Correct Answer: Technological advancement ✔

Option A: Technological development

Option B: Increased international trade

Option C: Decreased international trade

Option D: Payment of less wages to workers

Correct Answer: Technological development ✔

Option A: J.S. Coleman

Option B: G.A. Almond

Option C: Edward A. Shills

Option D: Karl Deutsch

Correct Answer: J.S. Coleman ✔

Option A: Surplus valuation

Option B: Increasing population

Option C: Industrialisation

Option D: International trade

Correct Answer: Surplus valuation ✔

Option A: Theory of surplus value

Option B: Dialectical materialism

Option C: Class struggle

Option D: Proletariat revolution

Correct Answer: Theory of surplus value ✔

Option A: Communist Manifesto

Option B: Das Kapital

Option C: Capital: A. Critique of Political Economy

Option D: None of these

Correct Answer: C. Capital: A. Critique of Political Economy ✔

Option A: Social conditions

Option B: Economic conditions

Option C: Political conditions

Option D: Other developments combined

Correct Answer: Other developments combined ✔

Option A: They underestimated technological progress

Option B: They failed to analyse problems of aggregate demands

Option C: They overestimated technological progress

Option D: They wrongly assumed that per capita income rests diminishing returns

Correct Answer: They overestimated technological progress ✔

Option A: Democracy

Option B: Political mobilisation

Option C: Political stability

Option D: Level of absolute power

Correct Answer: Level of absolute power ✔

Option A: Capital accumulation

Option B: More population

Option C: Centralisation of authority

Option D: Higher rents

Correct Answer: Higher rents ✔

Option A: Promote fast growth of population

Option B: Retard fast growth of population

Option C: Help maintaining status quo in population growth

Option D: Discourage growth rate of population

Correct Answer: Promote fast growth of population ✔

Option A: Industrialisation

Option B: Political modernisation

Option C: Political participation

Option D: Political democracy

Correct Answer: Political stability ✔

Option A: Max Weber

Option B: Edward A. Shills

Option C: G.A. Almond

Option D: Karl Deutsch

Correct Answer: Karl Deutsch ✔

Option A: Leadership

Option B: Ownership

Option C: Capital formation

Option D: Accumulated capital

Correct Answer: Leadership ✔

Option A: Neo-Classists

Option B: Classists

Option C: Karl Marx

Option D: Alvin Hansen

Correct Answer: Neo-Classists ✔

Option A: Marxists

Option B: Classical writers

Option C: Neo-classical writers

Option D: All the above

Correct Answer: Neo-classical writers ✔

Option A: T.S. Colesman

Option B: G.A. Almond

Option C: Karl Marx

Option D: Schumpeter

Correct Answer: Schumpeter ✔

Option A: Disciplinary approach

Option B: Inter-disciplinary approach

Option C: Industrialisation

Option D: Political processes

Correct Answer: Inter-disciplinary approach ✔

Option A: This approach is too narrow

Option B: This approach is too wide

Option C: It fails to appreciate the importance of political stability

Option D: It fails to appreciate the importance of attitude of people in development processes

Correct Answer: This approach is too wide ✔

Option A: Adam Smith

Option B: Ricardo

Option C: J.S. Mill

Option D: Malthus

Correct Answer: Ricardo ✔

Option A: The Labourers

Option B: The landlords

Option C: The capitalists

Option D: The scientists

Correct Answer: The capitalists ✔

Option A: In the wake of World War I

Option B: In the wake of World War II

Option C: In the wake of economic crisis of thrties

Option D: In the sixties

Correct Answer: In the wake of economic crisis of thrties ✔

Option A: It keeps prices of food high by levying high tariffs

Option B: It subsidized the poor

Option C: It encouraged overpopulation

Option D: It appropriated a part of purposes

Correct Answer: On account of all the above reasons ✔

Option A: Schumpeter

Option B: Keynes

Option C: Alvin Hansen

Option D: All the above

Correct Answer: Alvin Hansen ✔

Option A: By investing their savings

Option B: By roping in rich capitalists

Option C: By securing credit from the banks

Option D: By securing grants from the government

Correct Answer: By securing credit from the banks ✔

Option A: Talented type of individuals play an important role in development

Option B: Rich capitalists play an important role in development

Option C: Rich people with the help of some enterprising persons contribute to development

Option D: None of the above

Correct Answer: Talented type of individuals play an important role in development ✔

Option A: Neo-classical theory of development

Option B: Narxian theory of development

Option C: Theory of entrepreneur

Option D: None of the above theories

Correct Answer: Theory of entrepreneur ✔

Option A: Marxian writers

Option B: Classical writers

Option C: Neo-classical writers

Option D: All the three

Correct Answer: Neo-classical writers ✔

Option A: Development is a gradual and continuous process

Option B: The process of development has harmonious and cumulative nature

Option C: They are quite optimistic about the possibilities of continued economic progress

Option D: None of the above

Correct Answer: None of the above ✔

Option A: Due to technological and resource discoveries of the nineteenth century

Option B: Deu to fast deteriorating condition of the workers in Europe

Option C: Due to fear of revolution created by the preaching’s Marx

Option D: Due to all the above reasons

Correct Answer: Due to technological and resource discoveries of the nineteenth century ✔

Option A: The English classical school

Option B: The German historical school

Option C: By both the above schools

Option D: By none of the above two schools

Correct Answer: By both the above schools ✔

Option A: Technological improvement

Option B: Reduction of wages

Option C: Increase in working hours

Option D: None of the above

Correct Answer: Technological improvement ✔

Option A: Marx

Option B: A.C. Frank

Option C: Lenin

Option D: None of the above

Correct Answer: B. A.C. Frank ✔

Option A: More capital

Option B: More labour

Option C: More available natural resources

Option D: All the above

Correct Answer: All the above ✔

Option A: Raw materials

Option B: Minerals

Option C: Manufactured goods

Option D: All the above

Correct Answer: Manufactured goods ✔

Option A: Radical structuralist

Option B: Marxists

Option C: None of the two

Option D: Both of the above

Correct Answer: Radical structuralist ✔

Option A: Paid no attention to the issue of underdevelopment

Option B: Paid great attention to the issue of underdevelopment

Option C: Emphasized that capitalism was respobsible for underdevelopment

Option D: None of the above

Correct Answer: Paid no attention to the issue of underdevelopment ✔

Option A: Underdevelopment

Option B: Development

Option C: Development in some parts and underdevelopment in other parts

Option D: None of the above

Correct Answer: Development ✔

Option A: Arrest development in capital importing countries

Option B: Arrest development in capital exporting countries

Option C: Arrest development in capital importing as well as capital exporting countries

Option D: None of the above

Correct Answer: Arrest development in capital exporting countries ✔

Option A: Opposed traditional Marxism

Option B: Supported the stand of traditional Marxists

Option C: Effect some modifications in the stand of traditional Marxists

Option D: All the above

Correct Answer: Opposed traditional Marxism ✔

Option A: Political leadership is not an effective instrument

Option B: Military intervention is inevitable for development

Option C: National integration results from military intervention

Option D: Military is an agent of social change

Correct Answer: Military is an agent of social change ✔

Option A: Historical materialism

Option B: Social engineering

Option C: Natural holding

Option D: Unfolding of natural law

Correct Answer: Historical materialism ✔

Option A: An economic theory

Option B: A political theory

Option C: A socio-economic theory

Option D: A blend of socio-economic and political factors

Correct Answer: A blend of socio-economic and political factors ✔

Option A: Ricardo

Option B: Keynes

Option C: Marx

Option D: Marshall

Correct Answer: Ricardo ✔

Option A: Marx

Option B: Ricardo

Option C: Adam Smith

Option D: None of the above

Correct Answer: Ricardo ✔

Option A: Adam Smith

Option B: Ricardo

Option C: Malthus

Option D: Marshall

Correct Answer: Marshall ✔

Option A: Providing labour force

Option B: Consuming the products

Option C: Neither of the above

Option D: Providing labour force as well as consuming products

Correct Answer: Providing labour force ✔

Option A: Does not constitute development

Option B: Constitutes development provided there is steep rise in the living standard

Option C: Is development if there is increase in aggregate output

Option D: None of the above

Correct Answer: Does not constitute development ✔

Option A: Increase in national income from one year to another

Option B: Increase in real per capita income over an extended period of time

Option C: Increase in real investment over a period of time

Option D: The national income should keep pace with the increase in population

Correct Answer: Increase in real per capita income over an extended period of time ✔

Option A: Commerce and industry

Option B: Technology and trade

Option C: Developed and developing countries

Option D: Developing countries among themselves

Correct Answer: Developed and developing countries ✔

Option A: Is always opposed to it

Option B: It seldom opposed to it

Option C: Helps maintaining status quo

Option D: At times it helps in development but at times not

Correct Answer: At times it helps in development but at times not ✔

Option A: G.A. Almond

Option B: Edward A. Shills

Option C: Jacob Vinar

Option D: Jean Eatwell

Correct Answer: Jean Eatwell ✔

Option A: Land

Option B: Rent

Option C: Value

Option D: Capital

Correct Answer: Population ✔

Option A: Value

Option B: Capital

Option C: Wages

Option D: Natural resources

Correct Answer: Wages ✔

Option A: Edward A. Shills

Option B: Nettle

Option C: Lucian Pye

Option D: Nax Weber

Correct Answer: Nax Weber ✔

Option A: Industrialisation

Option B: Economy of society

Option C: Social conditions

Option D: Administrative development

Correct Answer: Administrative development ✔

Option A: Political modernisation

Option B: Industrialisation

Option C: Capital formation

Option D: Standards of modernisation of a state

Correct Answer: Standards of modernisation of a state ✔