Sociology MCQs

Option A: Variable

Option B: Constant

Option C: Problem

Option D: None of these

Correct Answer: Constant ✔

Option A: Social Change

Option B: Cultural Change

Option C: Language Change

Option D: None of these

Correct Answer: Cultural Change ✔

Option A: Overlapping of two concepts

Option B: That there is no distinction between both

Option C: Changes of both kind

Option D: None of these

Correct Answer: Changes of both kind ✔

Option A: role conflict

Option B: role exit

Option C: role strain

Option D: role dissonance

Correct Answer: role strain ✔

Option A: members of a hospitals business office

Option B: all residents of the city of Lahore

Option C: women in the Pakistan 50 years and over

Option D: all of the above

Correct Answer: members of a hospitals business office ✔

Option A: teach new recruits

Option B: preserve order

Option C: replace personnel

Option D: provide and maintain a sense of purpose

Correct Answer: preserve order ✔

Option A: excellent instructor

Option B: disabled

Option C: middle-aged

Option D: male

Correct Answer: excellent instructor ✔

Option A: Sociologists use the term negotiated order to underscore the fact that social order is continually being constructed and altered through negotiation

Option B: Negotiation is a cultural universal

Option C: Most elements of social structure are not static and are therefore subject to change through bargaining and exchanging (negotiation)

Option D: Negotiation is a macro-level process that does not usually involve interactions between small groups such as families

Correct Answer: Negotiation is a macro-level process that does not usually involve interactions between small groups such as families ✔

Option A: Conformity

Option B: Loyalty to superior

Option C: Personal Responsibility

Option D: None of these

Correct Answer: Conformity ✔

Option A: slavery

Option B: caste

Option C: class

Option D: status

Correct Answer: class ✔

Option A: grants every member equal status

Option B: does not have any official secrets in its government

Option C: has permissive attitudes towards sexual behavior

Option D: allows people to move between levels of the hierarchy

Correct Answer: allows people to move between levels of the hierarchy ✔

Option A: men

Option B: household duties

Option C: other rival women

Option D: None of these

Correct Answer: household duties ✔

Option A: Their father’s status

Option B: Marriage

Option C: Their children’s status

Option D: None of these

Correct Answer: Marriage ✔

Option A: Opposite to those of upward mobility

Option B: Same

Option C: different from those

Option D: None of these

Correct Answer: Same ✔

Option A: Structural mobility

Option B: Inter-generational

Option C: Intra-generational

Option D: None of these

Correct Answer: Structural mobility ✔

Option A: When position changes within same generation

Option B: When the next generation remains same

Option C: When next generation goes upward than previous one

Option D: None of these

Correct Answer: When next generation goes upward than previous one ✔

Option A: artful presentation of self

Option B: Differed Gratification pattern

Option C: The value-Stretch hypothesis

Option D: None of these

Correct Answer: The value-Stretch hypothesis ✔

Option A: individual factor

Option B: Structural factor

Option C: Both a & b

Option D: None of these

Correct Answer: Structural factor ✔

Option A: from lower to higher

Option B: In both directions

Option C: from higher to lower

Option D: None of these

Correct Answer: In both directions ✔

Option A: high

Option B: medium

Option C: low

Option D: None of these

Correct Answer: high ✔

Option A: agriculture

Option B: health care

Option C: technology

Option D: all of the above

Correct Answer: technology ✔

Option A: functionalist perspective

Option B: conflict perspective

Option C: interactionist perspective

Option D: each of the above

Correct Answer: functionalist perspective ✔

Option A: functionalist perspective

Option B: conflict perspective

Option C: interactionist perspective

Option D: clinical perspective

Correct Answer: conflict perspective ✔

Option A: retired person

Option B: a recovering alcoholic

Option C: nun who leaves her religious order

Option D: each of the above

Correct Answer: each of the above ✔

Option A: cultural universalism

Option B: role strain

Option C: functional prerequisites

Option D: role conflict

Correct Answer: role conflict ✔

Option A: senior citizen

Option B: member of the female sex

Option C: bank robber

Option D: Native American

Correct Answer: bank robber ✔

Option A: daughter

Option B: long-distance runner

Option C: doctor

Option D: each of the above

Correct Answer: daughter ✔

Option A: Philip Zimbardo

Option B: Herbert Blumer

Option C: William I. Thomas

Option D: Erving Goggman

Correct Answer: William I. Thomas ✔

Option A: people share characteristics without necessarily identifying with each other

Option B: people’s life-chances and experiences depend heavily on their social ranking

Option C: the ranks of different social categories tend to change very slowly over time

Option D: stratification occurs because of inequalities in assets or property

Correct Answer: people’s life-chances and experiences depend heavily on their social ranking ✔

Option A: movement into a different occupational category over a person’s lifetime

Option B: movement into different occupational categories between generations

Option C: movement into a higher occupational category

Option D: movement into an occupation that generates a lower income

Correct Answer: movement into different occupational categories between generations ✔

Option A: Only by individuals

Option B: Only groups

Option C: By individual or by entire group

Option D: None of these

Correct Answer: By individual or by entire group ✔

Option A: quite different

Option B: all alike

Option C: growing more nearly alike

Option D: none of these

Correct Answer: growing more nearly alike ✔

Option A: Status of women in society

Option B: Status of their husbands

Option C: Both a and b

Option D: None of these

Correct Answer: Status of their husbands ✔

Option A: Open

Option B: Broad

Option C: closed

Option D: None of these

Correct Answer: closed ✔

Option A: Inter-generational mobility

Option B: Intra-generational mobility

Option C: Structural mobility

Option D: None of these

Correct Answer: Intra-generational mobility ✔

Option A: Vertical mobility

Option B: Horizontal mobility

Option C: social mobility

Option D: None of these

Correct Answer: Horizontal mobility ✔

Option A: Individual factor

Option B: Structural

Option C: both a and b

Option D: None of these

Correct Answer: Individual factor ✔

Option A: Individual factors

Option B: Social factors

Option C: Class factor

Option D: None of these

Correct Answer: Individual factors ✔

Option A: Open society

Option B: Caste society

Option C: Closed society

Option D: None of these

Correct Answer: Closed society ✔

Option A: Social class

Option B: social groups

Option C: social mobility

Option D: None of these

Correct Answer: social mobility ✔

Option A: a response cry

Option B: netiquette

Option C: interactional vandalism

Option D: civil inattention

Correct Answer: a response cry ✔

Option A: communicate instantly with people far away

Option B: experience what it,s like to be a different gender

Option C: interact in an unreal and alienated way

Option D: communicate without non-verbal cues

Correct Answer: communicate instantly with people far away ✔

Option A: intimate distance

Option B: personal distance

Option C: social distance

Option D: public distance

Correct Answer: personal distance ✔

Option A: achieved status

Option B: ascribed status

Option C: master status

Option D: status set

Correct Answer: master status ✔

Option A: a meeting

Option B: an event

Option C: a moment

Option D: an Encounter

Correct Answer: an Encounter ✔

Option A: smiling

Option B: talking

Option C: frowning

Option D: waving

Correct Answer: talking ✔

Option A: the need to bring biological knowledge into sociology

Option B: the need to theorize the embodiment of the social self

Option C: the need for sociologists to understand the natural sciences

Option D: the need for a new science of sociobiology

Correct Answer: the need to theorize the embodiment of the social self ✔

Option A: a response cries

Option B: unfocused interaction

Option C: interactional vandalism

Option D: impression management

Correct Answer: interactional vandalism ✔

Option A: a restaurant kitchen

Option B: a clothing store payment counter

Option C: a football ground dressing room

Option D: a nightclub toilet

Correct Answer: a clothing store payment counter ✔

Option A: gender is performative

Option B: people, s biological sex underpins their gendered identity

Option C: gender is about what we do not who we are

Option D: there is no essential or biological basis to gender

Correct Answer: people, s biological sex underpins their gendered identity ✔

Option A: Louise Wirth

Option B: Robert Park

Option C: Georg Simmel

Option D: Max Weber

Correct Answer: Georg Simmel ✔

Option A: wanting to meet face-to-face whenever possible

Option B: seeking experience of intimacy on the internet

Option C: travelling to see foreign locations for holidays

Option D: creating feelings of security in on-line settings

Correct Answer: wanting to meet face-to-face whenever possible ✔

Option A: social structures

Option B: social space

Option C: social reality

Option D: social inequality

Correct Answer: social reality ✔

Option A: front regions

Option B: back regions

Option C: public regions

Option D: social regions

Correct Answer: front regions ✔

Option A: a position

Option B: a role

Option C: a performance

Option D: an impression

Correct Answer: a role ✔

Option A: Harold Garfinkel

Option B: Max Weber

Option C: Erving Goffman

Option D: Anthony Giddens

Correct Answer: Harold Garfinkel ✔

Option A: the dominance of spoken language in interactions

Option B: the need to meet each other face to face

Option C: the ability to read peoples body language

Option D: the desire for intimacy in personal relationships

Correct Answer: the need to meet each other face to face ✔

Option A: an achieved occupational status

Option B: a persons overall social status within their family

Option C: a social position that becomes a master status for the person occupying it

Option D: socially defined expectations of people in a given social position

Correct Answer: socially defined expectations of people in a given social position ✔

Option A: gender and race

Option B: class and income

Option C: education and occupation

Option D: family and peer groups

Correct Answer: gender and race ✔

Option A: the study of sociological research methods

Option B: the study of the methods people uses to make sense of the world

Option C: the study of language in everyday conversations

Option D: the use of experiments in sociological research

Correct Answer: the study of the methods people uses to make sense of the world ✔

Option A: by studying whole body language

Option B: by studying the face

Option C: by studying sign language

Option D: by studying small tribal groups

Correct Answer: by studying the face ✔

Option A: matrilineal

Option B: androlineal

Option C: homolineal

Option D: patrilineal

Correct Answer: patrilineal ✔

Option A: an experimental stage before marriage

Option B: a family form only found among st younger people

Option C: a short-lived experiment from the 1960 s that is now in decline

Option D: an alternative to traditional marriage

Correct Answer: an experimental stage before marriage ✔

Option A: there is a large dark figure of unreported incidents

Option B: the changing definitions of legal categories have made it harder to convict offenders

Option C: researchers are not allowed access to official statistics

Option D: there is no valid or reliable way of researching such a sensitive topic

Correct Answer: there is a large dark figure of unreported incidents ✔

Option A: the proportion of people living alone has fallen to 29%

Option B: many people are cohabiting in long term relationships

Option C: the upward curve of remarriages compensates for the drop in first marriages

Option D: all of the above

Correct Answer: many people are cohabiting in long term relationships ✔

Option A: the introduction of compulsory education

Option B: increasingly emotional ties between parents and children

Option C: new consumer goods for children such as clothes toys and books

Option D: all of the above

Correct Answer: all of the above ✔

Option A: a group of people sharing living accommodation and meals

Option B: a network of relatives extended within or between generations

Option C: the new family created when an adult leaves home and gets married

Option D: a two-generation unit of parents and their children

Correct Answer: a two-generation unit of parents and their children ✔

Option A: organizational goals reflect the priorities of those who occupy the top positions

Option B: bureaucracies are arenas for cooperation in which the dominant social values of justice and equality take precedence

Option C: factories are organized and operate independently of market pressures

Option D: bureaucracies result from the centralizing tendencies of socialism and help to redistribute wealth and power

Correct Answer: organizational goals reflect the priorities of those who occupy the top positions ✔

Option A: the iron law of oligarchy

Option B: Parkinson’s law

Option C: the peter principle

Option D: trained incapacity

Correct Answer: trained incapacity ✔

Option A: coercive organizations

Option B: total institutions

Option C: utilitarian organizations

Option D: voluntary organizations

Correct Answer: voluntary organizations ✔

Option A: both partners can benefit if each play competitively

Option B: both partners can benefit if each plays cooperative

Option C: you are more likely to employ a cooperative strategy if your partner exhibits cooperation early and consistently

Option D: neither you nor your partner can win

Correct Answer: both partners can benefit if each plays cooperative ✔

Option A: work harder than when they work alone

Option B: may engage in social loafing

Option C: feel they must work harder to prove their value to the group

Option D: may engage in intergroup relativism

Correct Answer: may engage in social loafing ✔

Option A: They are membership groups

Option B: They provide comparative but not normative functions

Option C: Those which do not match membership groups may create feelings of relative deprivation

Option D: They are groups to which we refer in our conversations

Correct Answer: Those which do not match membership groups may create feelings of relative deprivation ✔

Option A: socialization

Option B: meeting important personal needs

Option C: social control

Option D: accomplishing a specific practical purpose

Correct Answer: accomplishing a specific practical purpose ✔

Option A: anticipatory bond

Option B: expressive tie

Option C: family tie

Option D: instrumental bond

Correct Answer: expressive tie ✔

Option A: in-group

Option B: reference group

Option C: secondary group

Option D: relationship

Correct Answer: in-group ✔

Option A: Clan

Option B: Tribe

Option C: Kin group

Option D: class

Correct Answer: Kin group ✔

Option A: the objective categories of ethnicity used in the census

Option B: a felt sense of group of group membership on basis of religion language or history

Option C: the imposition of a racial label on a minority by a powerful majority

Option D: the fragmented and pluralistic nature of ethnicity

Correct Answer: a felt sense of group of group membership on basis of religion language or history ✔

Option A: industrial capitalism separated the middle-class home from the workplace

Option B: those who enter paid employments have been sidelined into particular fields

Option C: it is difficult to succeed in malestream politics without compromising their femininity

Option D: all of the above

Correct Answer: all of the above ✔

Option A: less time to speak

Option B: more points of view to absorb

Option C: a more elaborate structure within which to function

Option D: all of the above

Correct Answer: all of the above ✔

Option A: normative function by enforcing standards of conduct and belief

Option B: comparison function by serving as a standard against which people can measure themselves and others

Option C: elimination function by dissolving groups that no longer have a social purpose

Option D: both a and b

Correct Answer: both a and b ✔

Option A: primary

Option B: secondary

Option C: out-groups

Option D: formal organizations

Correct Answer: secondary ✔

Option A: Impersonal relations

Option B: Contract

Option C: Modern ideas

Option D: None of these

Correct Answer: Contract ✔

Option A: Intermediate groups

Option B: Tertiary groups

Option C: Task-groups

Option D: None of these

Correct Answer: Task-groups ✔

Option A: Sociability

Option B: Performance

Option C: Emotional satisfaction

Option D: None of these

Correct Answer: Performance ✔

Option A: formal

Option B: Informal

Option C: Important

Option D: None of these

Correct Answer: formal ✔

Option A: formal

Option B: informal

Option C: Social

Option D: None of these

Correct Answer: formal ✔

Option A: Interviews

Option B: Questionnaire

Option C: Case studies

Option D: None of these

Correct Answer: Case studies ✔

Option A: behavior learning

Option B: socialization

Option C: both a & b

Option D: None of these

Correct Answer: behavior learning ✔

Option A: Functionalist approach

Option B: Conflict theorists

Option C: Interactionism

Option D: None of these

Correct Answer: Functionalist approach ✔

Option A: beanpole families

Option B: cohabiting families

Option C: reconstituted families

Option D: horizontal families

Correct Answer: reconstituted families ✔

Option A: women have become less economically dependent

Option B: a reduction in the stigma attached to divorce

Option C: marriage is seen in terms of personal satisfaction

Option D: increased acceptance of same-sex relationships

Correct Answer: increased acceptance of same-sex relationships ✔

Option A: social resistance to cohabitation

Option B: the trend towards later marriages

Option C: the high rate of divorce

Option D: an ageing population with a growing number of households made up of widows/widowers

Correct Answer: social resistance to cohabitation ✔

Option A: family

Option B: kinship

Option C: network

Option D: tribe

Correct Answer: kinship ✔

Option A: female partners/spouses and older relatives

Option B: male partners/spouses and children

Option C: female partners/spouses and children

Option D: older relatives and children

Correct Answer: male partners/spouses and children ✔

Option A: fathers are more likely to be absent from their children’s lives

Option B: one parent has total responsibility for the child’s welfare and socialization

Option C: both parents are expected to co-operate in the continued care of their children

Option D: parents must provide for all of their children in equal measure

Correct Answer: both parents are expected to co-operate in the continued care of their children ✔

Option A: active non-work and independence after retirement

Option B: full time employment family-building and adult responsibility

Option C: illness isolation and increasing dependence on others

Option D: the transition from education to work and distinctive youth cultures

Correct Answer: active non-work and independence after retirement ✔

Option A: secondary socialization and strict discipline

Option B: emotional support and sexual gratification

Option C: primary socialization and personality stabilization

Option D: oppressing women and reproducing the labor force

Correct Answer: primary socialization and personality stabilization ✔

Option A: consists of the interpersonal networks that arise in a formal organization

Option B: is defined and prescribed by the formal organization

Option C: develops because rules are too specific to provide workable solutions for general situations

Option D: increases the hassle of “red tape”

Correct Answer: consists of the interpersonal networks that arise in a formal organization ✔

Option A: less hierarchy and less authoritarianism

Option B: more worker participation in decision making

Option C: self-managed teams

Option D: larger work groups

Correct Answer: larger work groups ✔