Language And Thought MCQs

Option A: Recency effect

Option B: Tip-of-the-tongue phenomenon

Option C: Wernicke’s aphasia

Option D: Acquired dyslexia

Correct Answer: Tip-of-the-tongue phenomenon ✔

Option A: Rationality is not absolute

Option B: Experiments lack ecological validity

Option C: Satisficing responses are rational responses

Option D: People have limited time and data available

Correct Answer: All of the above ✔

Option A: Hindsight bias

Option B: Intuition

Option C: Availability heuristic

Option D: Conditional reasoning

Correct Answer: Hindsight bias ✔

Option A: Occurs automatically

Option B: Fast analysis of information

Option C: Strong feeling of conviction

Option D: Logical analysis

Correct Answer: Logical analysis ✔

Option A: People report that they did more than 50% of the work in domestic situations

Option B: People tend to overestimate car accidents

Option C: People are more likely to attribute a case of heartbum to spicy food than bland food

Option D: People tend to underestimate death from diabetes

Correct Answer: People are more likely to attribute a case of heartbum to spicy food than bland food ✔

Option A: 1 & 2

Option B: 3 & 4

Option C: 1 & 4

Option D: 2 & 3

Correct Answer: 3 & 4 ✔

Option A: The simplest strategy is blind search, in which you just move to letters around blindly until a phrase appears

Option B: Constraining the search space will help to speed up the problem-solving process

Option C: All the problems can be construed in terms of search spaces

Option D: All of the above

Correct Answer: All of the above ✔

Option A: Logic

Option B: Detection of the problem

Option C: Conditional of the problem

Option D: Heuristics

Correct Answer: Representation of the problem ✔

Option A: Being numerate calls for a standard application of arithmetic procedures drawn from memory

Option B: Creative problem-solving can also be done according to formula

Option C: Even if we experience the same problem type over and over again creative problem-solving never become routine

Option D: None of the above

Correct Answer: Being numerate calls for a standard application of arithmetic procedures drawn from memory ✔

Option A: A good book is like a good meal

Option B: Necessity is the mother of invention

Option C: When Helen heard the news, she almost had a meltdown

Option D: There was considerable political fallout from the scandal

Correct Answer: A good book is like a good meal ✔

Option A: In the sentence ‘Harry drove to London there may be a default representation of the fact that a car was used. subsequent mention of a car should not be a problem because its default is already in the representation resulting from the sentence and Sanford failed to show this

Option B: Sanford are Garrod argued that we automatically relate what is being said to background knowledge is organized in long-term memory about specific situations

Option C: In Garnham’s experiment cooked was a better retrieval cue for the sentence ‘Mary cooked the chips than was fried because ‘cooked’ actually appears in the sentence

Option D: Scenarios result from next comprehension; they do not help comprehension take place

Correct Answer: Sanford are Garrod argued that we automatically relate what is being said to background knowledge is organized in long-term memory about specific situations ✔

Option A: Dyslexia

Option B: Aphasia

Option C: Dysphasia

Option D: Lexphasia

Correct Answer: Aphasia ✔

Option A: The finding of Gibbs show that the applicability of the standard comprehension model is widespread

Option B: Comprehending sentences in stories is the same as comprehending actual interactions in dialogue

Option C: Work on indirect speech-act comprehension reinforces the view that literal interpretation is always necessary

Option D: Similar findings have been obtained for metaphor comprehension as have been obtained with speech-act comprehension

Correct Answer: Similar findings have been obtained for metaphor comprehension as have been obtained with speech-act comprehension ✔

Option A: Participants were presented with spoken passage like these; (a) Mary needed to buy some presents, so she went to the bank;(b) Mary found the river cold ,so she swam to the bank

Option B: immediately after the presentation of the ambiguous word, Swinney presented a single letter string on a screen participants had to decide whether the letter string was a world or not(a lexical decision)

Option C: When the string was a word, it could either be related to the intended sense of the ambiguous word(e.g) money’) related to the other sense (e.g mud), or unrelated to other

Option D: It turned out that there was differential advantage (priming) for different sense of the word when there was a delay before the second stimulus depending on the meaning so context appeared to affect initial sense selection

Correct Answer: It turned out that there was differential advantage (priming) for different sense of the word when there was a delay before the second stimulus depending on the meaning so context appeared to affect initial sense selection ✔

Option A: The modular view of word-sense retrieval is that word meanings are stored in a way that is not context sensitive

Option B: When we encounter a string of letters that represents a word, we automatically look up and retrieve the meaning

Option C: If a string represents more than one word, than only one meaning is immediately retrieved if the context indicates which one

Option D: the modular view o0f word-meaning extraction is attractive because it keeps the mechanisms of looking up word-meaning separate from context

Correct Answer: If a string represents more than one word, than only one meaning is immediately retrieved if the context indicates which one ✔

Option A: There is one principle class of phenomena that requires more than literal meaning

Option B: In understanding metaphor the processor first has to parse sentences than has to determine their significance too

Option C: The meaning of “Could you close the door?” can be established on the basis of semantics alone

Option D: Both a & b

Correct Answer: In understanding metaphor the processor first has to parse sentences than has to determine their significance too ✔

Option A: 1 & 2

Option B: 1 & 3

Option C: 2 & 4

Option D: 3 & 4

Correct Answer: 2 & 4 ✔

Option A: Context

Option B: Semantics

Option C: Pragmatics

Option D: Discourse

Correct Answer: Discourse ✔

Option A: Syntax

Option B: Pragmatics

Option C: Mnemonics

Option D: Semantics

Correct Answer: Mnemonics ✔

Option A: The psychology of language is concerned with the organization and processing of written language only

Option B: Language lies at the interface of pure psychology, linguistics and mathematics

Option C: Language is a simple process with very few mysteries

Option D: None of the above

Correct Answer: None of the above ✔