Motivation MCQs

Option A: psychosomatic illness

Option B: taste aversion

Option C: anorexia

Option D: specific hunger

Correct Answer: taste aversion ✔

Option A: DNA

Option B: Sex

Option C: Parental investment

Option D: Sexual investment

Correct Answer: Parental investment ✔

Option A: External sensory stimuli and organism’s internal state

Option B: Pre-optic area and estrogen

Option C: Interpersonal attraction and financial stability

Option D: Intelligence and physical attractiveness

Correct Answer: External sensory stimuli and organism’s internal state ✔

Option A: Lesions of the preoptic area can elicit copulatory activity

Option B: Electrical stimulation of the preoptic area can permanently abolish male sexual behavior

Option C: Neuronal and metabolic activity is induced the preoptic area during copulation

Option D: Small implants of the female hormone estrogen into the preoptic area restore sexual behavior is castrated rats

Correct Answer: Neuronal and metabolic activity is induced the preoptic area during copulation ✔

Option A: Human orbitofrontal cortex

Option B: Human renin-angiotensin system

Option C: Human hypothalamus

Option D: Peacock hypothalamus

Correct Answer: Human orbitofrontal cortex ✔

Option A: Women might choose a partner likely to provide reliability and stability

Option B: Women might be attracted to men who are successful and powerful

Option C: Men might guard the partner from the attentions of other men

Option D: None of the above-all are true

Correct Answer: None of the above-all are true ✔

Option A: Wide range of drinks available stimulate desire to drink

Option B: We drink more when offered variety as opposed to only one type of drink

Option C: Eating can stimulate drinking behavior

Option D: All of the above

Correct Answer: All of the above ✔

Option A: Cellular dehydration; thirst

Option B: Hypovolemia; drinking

Option C: Cellular dehydration; drinking

Option D: Hypovolemia; eating

Correct Answer: Hypovolemia; drinking ✔

Option A: Many of the amygdala’s connections are similar to those of the orbitofrontal cortex

Option B: The amygdala has many connections to the orbitofrontal cortex

Option C: Bilateral damage to the temporal lobes of primates, including the amygdala, leads to the Kluver-Bucy syndrome

Option D: In the Kluver-Bucy syndrome, monkeys place only food items in their mouths but fail to avoid noxious stimuli

Correct Answer: In the Kluver-Bucy syndrome, monkeys place only food items in their mouths but fail to avoid noxious stimuli ✔

Option A: When our bodies lose too much water, we feel thirsty

Option B: When we eat foods rich in salt, we feel thirsty

Option C: Cellular dehydration is sensed peripherally in the body

Option D: The part of the brain that senses cellular dehydration is between the preoptic area and the hypothalamus

Correct Answer: Cellular dehydration is sensed peripherally in the body ✔

Option A: Emotions

Option B: Goals

Option C: Society

Option D: Communication

Correct Answer: Goals ✔

Option A: 1,2 & 3

Option B: 1 & 4

Option C: 2,3 & 4

Option D: 2 & 3

Correct Answer: 1,2 & 3 ✔

Option A: Sedentary lifestyles mean human beings take less regular exercise, which leads to excess weight

Option B: Human meal times tend to be fixed which overrides body’s natural appetite and control mechanism

Option C: Variety of modern foods encourage people to eat more by bringing immediate rewards of new tastes smell and textures

Option D: Higher stress levels in contemporary society can lead to overeating

Correct Answer: All of the above ✔

Option A: Hypothalamus

Option B: Estrogen

Option C: Cortisol

Option D: Leptin

Correct Answer: Leptin ✔

Option A: It is also known as the orbitofrontal cortex

Option B: There is no modulation of taste-responses in the secondary region of the brain

Option C: As satiety develops, neuronal activity in the secondary taste cortex appears to make food less acceptable and less pleasant

Option D: Electrical stimulation in the secondary taste cortex produces reward

Correct Answer: There is no modulation of taste-responses in the secondary region of the brain ✔

Option A: Satiety and reward signals are necessary to control eating

Option B: Taste and smell stop food-seeking

Option C: Gastric distension is caused by sham feeding

Option D: Satiety motivates food-seeking behavior

Correct Answer: Satiety and reward signals are necessary to control eating ✔

Option A: Rats have the same level of plasma glucose concentration just before meals as just after

Option B: Injections of insulin provoke food intake

Option C: Infusions or injections of glucose and insulin provoke feeding

Option D: Infusions of a competitive inhibitor of glucose in to the medulla reduce feeding

Correct Answer: Injections of insulin provoke food intake ✔

Option A: Most tired

Option B: Least hungry

Option C: Least fertile

Option D: Most fertile

Correct Answer: Most fertile ✔

Option A: The animal tastes smells and eats the food normally

Option B: The stomach becomes full

Option C: It becomes clear that the taste and smell of food provide the immediate reward for food-motivated behavior

Option D: It becomes clear that oropharyngeal make us feel satiated

Correct Answer: The stomach becomes full ✔

Option A: A reward is something an animal will work to obtain or achieve

Option B: A punishment is something an animal will work to escape or avoid

Option C: A voluntary behaviour is also called a Pavlovian response

Option D: The term ‘work’ refers to a voluntary behaviour

Correct Answer: A voluntary behaviour is also called a Pavlovian response ✔

Option A: his insulin level has decreased

Option B: learn tissue is maintained by fewer calories than is fat tissue

Option C: his metabolic rate has decreased

Option D: his fat cells have decreased in number

Correct Answer: his metabolic rate has decreased ✔

Option A: a criterion-based

Option B: an aptitude

Option C: an achievement

Option D: a projective

Correct Answer: a projective ✔

Option A: incentive theories of motivation

Option B: drive theories of motivation

Option C: evolutionary theories of motivation

Option D: the Cannon-Bard theory of motivation

Correct Answer: drive theories of motivation ✔

Option A: virtually impossible to demonstrate

Option B: very low

Option C: in the range of 60%-70%

Option D: irrelevant to the understanding of obesity

Correct Answer: in the range of 60%-70% ✔

Option A: emotional

Option B: social

Option C: cognitive

Option D: innate

Correct Answer: social ✔

Option A: sexual orientation

Option B: gender identity

Option C: sexual identity

Option D: set point

Correct Answer: sexual orientation ✔

Option A: Instinct

Option B: Evolutionary

Option C: Drive reduction

Option D: Incentive

Correct Answer: Drive reduction ✔

Option A: Incentive; instinct

Option B: need; drive

Option C: homeostasis; thirst

Option D: pornography; lust

Correct Answer: need; drive ✔

Option A: flow

Option B: contract

Option C: career

Option D: calling

Correct Answer: career ✔

Option A: beginning an aerobic exercise program

Option B: consumption of alcohol

Option C: use of nicotine gum

Option D: informing others of one’s intentions to quit

Correct Answer: consumption of alcohol ✔

Option A: bulimia

Option B: pica

Option C: anorexia

Option D: obesity

Correct Answer: pica ✔

Option A: fasting

Option B: malnutrition

Option C: anorexia nervosa

Option D: hypoglycemia

Correct Answer: anorexia nervosa ✔

Option A: a symptom of a histrionic personality disorder

Option B: unclear thinking

Option C: a skin rash due to the lack of calcium

Option D: feeling cold

Correct Answer: feeling cold ✔

Option A: personnel psychology

Option B: social psychology

Option C: organizational psychology

Option D: clinical psychology

Correct Answer: personnel psychology ✔

Option A: ventromedial hypothalamus

Option B: anterior commissure

Option C: anterior cingulated cortex

Option D: lateral hypothalamus

Correct Answer: anterior cingulated cortex ✔

Option A: by observing subjects’ actual behavior in competitive situations

Option B: by interviewing subjects about their achievement needs

Option C: with the Thematic Apperception Test

Option D: With the Minnesota Multiphasic personality Inventory

Correct Answer: with the Thematic Apperception Test ✔

Option A: the probability of success

Option B: the need to avoid failure

Option C: the incentive value of success

Option D: the fear of success

Correct Answer: the incentive value of success ✔

Option A: flow

Option B: experiencing flow

Option C: 360-degree feedback

Option D: structured interviews

Correct Answer: 360-degree feedback ✔

Option A: contract

Option B: job

Option C: career

Option D: calling

Correct Answer: job ✔

Option A: no control over

Option B: total control over

Option C: the most direct control over

Option D: one

Correct Answer: the most direct control over ✔

Option A: a competence motive

Option B: a drive motive

Option C: an achievement motive

Option D: an intellect motive

Correct Answer: an achievement motive ✔

Option A: arousal; incentive

Option B: drive reduction; arousal

Option C: drive reduction; incentive

Option D: incentive; drive reduction

Correct Answer: incentive; drive reduction ✔

Option A: flow

Option B: strengths-based selection

Option C: transformation leadership

Option D: achievement motivation

Correct Answer: flow ✔

Option A: Men think about sex more than women

Option B: Men initiate sex more than women

Option C: Women are more interested in having many partners than men are

Option D: Women are less interested in uncommitted sex

Correct Answer: Women are more interested in having many partners than men are ✔

Option A: depends on early classical conditioning experiences

Option B: should be viewed as a continuum

Option C: depends on normalities and abnormalities in the amygdala

Option D: should be viewed as an either-or distinction

Correct Answer: should be viewed as a continuum ✔

Option A: obvious external factors

Option B: intrinsic motivation

Option C: primary drives

Option D: self-actualization

Correct Answer: obvious external factors ✔

Option A: The sex drive in females is closely tied to the menstrual cycle

Option B: The sex drive in humans is completely liberated from the influence of hormones

Option C: The sex drive in humans can be aroused at virtually any time by almost anything

Option D: Recent sexual activity prevents sexual desire from occurring again after a certain amount of time

Correct Answer: The sex drive in humans can be aroused at virtually any time by almost anything ✔

Option A: anxiety

Option B: anger

Option C: sadness

Option D: any of these

Correct Answer: any of these ✔

Option A: is greatest for behaviors leading to financial material success

Option B: does not occur in primitive cultures

Option C: is defined as the desire to meet internalized standard of excellence

Option D: is greater in women than in men

Correct Answer: is defined as the desire to meet internalized standard of excellence ✔

Option A: dopamine

Option B: serotonin

Option C: acetylcholine

Option D: norepinephrine

Correct Answer: dopamine ✔

Option A: curiosity

Option B: the desire for money

Option C: physical contact

Option D: thirst

Correct Answer: thirst ✔

Option A: pancreas

Option B: pituitary gland

Option C: hypothalamus

Option D: limbic system

Correct Answer: hypothalamus ✔

Option A: human factors psychology

Option B: achievement motivation

Option C: homeostasis

Option D: 360-degree feedback

Correct Answer: achievement motivation ✔

Option A: Opponent-process

Option B: Instinct

Option C: Arousal

Option D: Behavioral

Correct Answer: Instinct ✔

Option A: the number of calories a person consumes daily has no effect on body weight

Option B: she may have a higher-than-average set point for body weight

Option C: her resting metabolic rate will increase and prompt her to over eat vigorous exercise

Option D: fat cells can be lost only with vigorous exercise

Correct Answer: she may have a higher-than-average set point for body weight ✔

Option A: dehydration

Option B: a chromosome difficulty

Option C: constipation

Option D: loss of proteins

Correct Answer: loss of proteins ✔

Option A: instinct

Option B: refractory period

Option C: homeostasis

Option D: metabolism

Correct Answer: homeostasis ✔

Option A: social psychology

Option B: development psychology

Option C: industrial-organizational psychology

Option D: personality psychology

Correct Answer: industrial-organizational psychology ✔

Option A: the interviewer illusion

Option B: social leadership

Option C: 360-degree feedback

Option D: the halo error

Correct Answer: the interviewer illusion ✔

Option A: “Avoid consumption of soft drinks and alcoholic beverages”

Option B: “Avoid eating during the day so you can enjoy a big meal in the evening”

Option C: “Accompany your diet with a sustained exercise program”

Option D: “Reduce your weight gradually over a period of many months”

Correct Answer: B. “Avoid eating during the day so you can enjoy a big meal in the evening” ✔

Option A: opponent-process

Option B: drive reduction

Option C: incentive

Option D: arousal

Correct Answer: drive reduction ✔

Option A: flow

Option B: strengths-based selection

Option C: transformation leadership

Option D: achievement motivation

Correct Answer: flow ✔

Option A: psychosomatic illness

Option B: taste aversion

Option C: anorexia

Option D: specific hunger

Correct Answer: taste aversion ✔

Option A: no control over

Option B: total control over

Option C: the most direct control over

Option D: one

Correct Answer: the most direct control over ✔

Option A: a competence motive

Option B: a drive motive

Option C: an achievement motive

Option D: an intellect motive

Correct Answer: an achievement motive ✔

Option A: arousal; Incentive

Option B: drive reduction; arousal

Option C: drive; reduction; incentive

Option D: incentive; drive; reduction

Correct Answer: incentive; drive; reduction ✔

Option A: instinct

Option B: drive reduction

Option C: incentive

Option D: evolutionary

Correct Answer: incentive ✔

Option A: Lauren is motivated by both a fear of failure and a need for achievement, while Curtis is merely motivated by a need for achievement

Option B: Lauren is motivated by a fear of failure and Curtis is motivated by a need for achievement

Option C: both students are motivated by a need for achievement

Option D: both students are motivated by a fear of failure

Correct Answer: Lauren is motivated by a fear of failure and Curtis is motivated by a need for achievement ✔

Option A: fixed-action patterns

Option B: homeostasis

Option C: secondary drives

Option D: arousal

Correct Answer: secondary drives ✔

Option A: a refractory period

Option B: the experience of flow

Option C: structured interviews

Option D: 360-degree feedback

Correct Answer: structured interviews ✔

Option A: ventromedial; lateral

Option B: lateral; ventromedial

Option C: non-homeostatic; homeostatic

Option D: cyclic; episodic

Correct Answer: ventromedial; lateral ✔

Option A: a drive but not a need

Option B: a need but not a drive

Option C: both a drive and a need

Option D: neither a need nor a drive

Correct Answer: a need but not a drive ✔

Option A: over feeding in childhood

Option B: external eating cues

Option C: severe dieting

Option D: low self-esteem

Correct Answer: over feeding in childhood ✔

Option A: halo errors

Option B: the experience of flow

Option C: homeostasis

Option D: homeostasis

Correct Answer: halo errors ✔

Option A: Strengths-based selection systems

Option B: transformational leadership

Option C: 360-degree feedback

Option D: flow experience

Correct Answer: transformational leadership ✔

Option A: lowering its set point

Option B: destruction of its lateral hypothalamus

Option C: destruction of its ventromedial hypothalamus

Option D: stimulation of its ventromedial hypothalamus

Correct Answer: destruction of its ventromedial hypothalamus ✔

Option A: a stimulus need

Option B: a curiosity drive

Option C: the Coolidge effect

Option D: an episodic drive

Correct Answer: the Coolidge effect ✔

Option A: obligations or approval are factors

Option B: there are obvious external reward for one’s behavior

Option C: there are obvious external factors controlling behavior

Option D: extrinsic motivation is also high

Correct Answer: B. there are obvious external reward for one’s behavior ✔

Option A: emotional distress

Option B: the fear of becoming too thin

Option C: drinking alcohol in small quantities

Option D: the perception that they have cheated on their diet

Correct Answer: the perception that they have cheated on their diet ✔

Option A: may increase towards women

Option B: may perpetuate the myth that women enjoy being raped

Option C: does both a and b

Option D: does neither a nor b

Correct Answer: does both a and b ✔

Option A: They are the primary cause of innate taste aversion

Option B: They greatly affect the incentive value of various foods

Option C: They determine a person’s set point for various foods

Option D: They have a homeostatic influence on amount of food consumed

Correct Answer: C. They determine a person’s set point for various foods ✔

Option A: needs that are learned, such as the needs for power or for achievement

Option B: innate but not necessary for survival

Option C: not innate but necessary for survival

Option D: innate and necessary for survival

Correct Answer: innate but not necessary for survival ✔

Option A: over-preparation

Option B: thought suppression

Option C: regression

Option D: discussing the problem with your professor

Correct Answer: over-preparation ✔

Option A: taste aversions are really more like operant conditioning

Option B: taste aversions can be unlearned as well

Option C: there is a biological tendency to associate sickness with any food eaten earlier

Option D: there is less aversion associated with the actual sickness than with whatever caused the sickness in the first place

Correct Answer: there is a biological tendency to associate sickness with any food eaten earlier ✔

Option A: drink more water than biologically needed

Option B: refuse to drink until forced to do so

Option C: eat until it becomes obese

Option D: refuse to eat until force fed

Correct Answer: refuse to eat until force fed ✔

Option A: a total loss of appetite

Option B: eating based on recognized need, not internal feelings of hunger

Option C: some changes in eating, but hunger still occurs

Option D: the need for patients to be “trained” to eat; otherwise they would inadvertently starve to death

Correct Answer: some changes in eating, but hunger still occurs ✔

Option A: needs that are learned, such as the needs for power for achievement

Option B: innate but no necessary for survival

Option C: not innate but necessary for survival

Option D: innate and necessary for survival

Correct Answer: needs that are learned, such as the needs for power for achievement ✔

Option A: behavioral dieting

Option B: fad dieting

Option C: purging

Option D: bulimia nervosa

Correct Answer: bulimia nervosa ✔

Option A: plain water

Option B: a slightly salty liquid

Option C: a beverage containing some alcohol

Option D: milk

Correct Answer: a slightly salty liquid ✔

Option A: sibling rivalry

Option B: an overly realistic view of normal size

Option C: food allergies

Option D: perfectionism

Correct Answer: perfectionism ✔

Option A: Vomiting, laxatives, or diuretics are used to loss weight

Option B: There are repeated attempts to lose weight by serve dieting

Option C: It occurs equally in males and females

Option D: It is an adolescent growth phase that a few women go through and later disappears

Correct Answer: Vomiting, laxatives, or diuretics are used to loss weight ✔

Option A: arousal theory

Option B: drive reduction theory

Option C: Yerkes-Dodson Law

Option D: inverted-U function

Correct Answer: Yerkes-Dodson Law ✔

Option A: Zero level of arousal is the most desirable

Option B: High levels of arousal are the most desirable

Option C: Optimal levels of arousal exist for each person

Option D: Optimal levels of arousal exist for various activities

Correct Answer: Optimal levels of arousal exist for various activities ✔

Option A: Alfred Kinsey

Option B: Masters and Johnson

Option C: David Buss

Option D: Sigmund Freud

Correct Answer: Alfred Kinsey ✔

Option A: Thematic Apperception Test

Option B: Sentence Completion

Option C: Rorschach

Option D: MMPI

Correct Answer: Thematic Apperception Test ✔

Option A: Predictions

Option B: Attributions

Option C: Endings

Option D: Prophecies

Correct Answer: Attributions ✔

Option A: insomnia

Option B: dental problems

Option C: loss of hair and nail quality

Option D: low job or school performance

Correct Answer: low job or school performance ✔

Option A: Father

Option B: Skinner

Option C: Taller

Option D: Shorter

Correct Answer: Skinner ✔

Option A: Emotions

Option B: Availability

Option C: Hormones

Option D: Thinking

Correct Answer: Hormones ✔

Option A: Arousal

Option B: Plateau

Option C: Excitement

Option D: Orgasm

Correct Answer: Arousal ✔