Option A: Lipochrome
Option B: Wear and tear pigment
Option C: Aging pigment
Option D: All of the above
Correct Answer: All of the above ✔
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Option A: Neutrophilia
Option B: Neutropenia
Option C: Monocytoses
Option D: Lymphocytoses
Correct Answer: Neutrophilia ✔
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Option A: Damage to endothelium due to injury or inflammation
Option B: Diminished rate of blood flow
Option C: Increased coagulability of blood
Option D: Increased venous blood pressure
Correct Answer: Increased venous blood pressure ✔
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Option A: Below 1.0.10
Option B: Below 1.012
Option C: Between 1.012 and 1.020
Option D: Above 1.020
Correct Answer: Below 1.012 ✔
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Option A: Direct injury & necrosis
Option B: Endothelial Gaps by histamine
Option C: Leucocyte mediated endothelial injury
Option D: Increased tissue oncotic pressure
Correct Answer: Endothelial Gaps by histamine ✔
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Option A: Gonorrhea
Option B: Syphilis
Option C: AIDS
Option D: Tuberculosis
Correct Answer: Tuberculosis ✔
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Option A: Undergoes cavitation
Option B: Undergoes calcification
Option C: Progresses to tuberculous pneumonia
Option D: Progresses to military tuberculosis
Correct Answer: Undergoes calcification ✔
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Option A: LxA4
Option B: LxB4
Option C: 5-HETE
Option D: PGH2
Correct Answer: PGH2 ✔
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Option A: Celsus
Option B: Elie Metchnikoff
Option C: Virchow
Option D: None of the above
Correct Answer: Elie Metchnikoff ✔
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Option A: Formation of sinusoids
Option B: Vitamin-A storage
Option C: Increases blood perfusion
Option D: Phagocytosis
Correct Answer: Phagocytosis ✔
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Option A: Lymphocytes
Option B: Plasma cells
Option C: Vacuolated Histocytes
Option D: Neutrophils
Correct Answer: Vacuolated Histocytes ✔
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Option A: A transplant immunity
Option B: An anaphylactic shock
Option C: Systemic arthus reaction
Option D: None of the above
Correct Answer: Systemic arthus reaction ✔
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Option A: PMN’s
Option B: Lymphocytes
Option C: Monocytes
Option D: Eosinophils
Correct Answer: A. PMN’s ✔
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Option A: Mycobacterium leprae
Option B: Actinomyces israeli
Option C: Mycobacterium bovis
Option D: All of the above
Correct Answer: Actinomyces israeli ✔
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Option A: Actinomycosis
Option B: Diphtheria
Option C: Tuberculosis
Option D: Sarcoidosis
Correct Answer: Sarcoidosis ✔
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Option A: Transudation -> exudation -> oedena
Option B: Oedema -> exudation
Option C: Exudation -> transudation -> oedema
Option D: Only by exudation -> oedema
Correct Answer: Transudation -> exudation -> oedena ✔
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Option A: Sarcoidosis
Option B: Leprosy
Option C: Tuberculosis
Option D: All of the above
Correct Answer: All of the above ✔
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Option A: Primary
Option B: Secondary
Option C: Tetriary
Option D: Congenital
Correct Answer: Secondary ✔
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Option A: Fungal infections
Option B: Viral infections
Option C: Bacterial infections
Option D: Protozoal infections
Correct Answer: Viral infections ✔
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Option A: Monocytes
Option B: Macrophage
Option C: Neutrophils
Option D: A and B
Correct Answer: A and B ✔
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Option A: T cells
Option B: B cells
Option C: Plasma cells
Option D: Monocyte
Correct Answer: Monocyte ✔
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Option A: Arachidonic acid is metabolized to form prostaglandins and leukotrienes
Option B: COX-1 is inducible in many tissues
Option C: COX is induced by cytokines at the site of inflammation
Option D: Leukotrienes cause bronchoconstriction
Correct Answer: COX-1 is inducible in many tissues ✔
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Option A: Viral infections
Option B: Tuberculosis
Option C: Tyhoid
Option D: Amoebiasis
Correct Answer: Tuberculosis ✔
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Option A: Tuberculoid leprosy
Option B: Lepromatous leprosy
Option C: Histoid leprosy
Option D: Intermediate leprosy
Correct Answer: Lepromatous leprosy ✔
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Option A: Pavementing
Option B: Diapedesis
Option C: Rouleax formation
Option D: Chemotaxis migration
Correct Answer: Diapedesis ✔
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Option A: Type I hyp
Option B: Type II hyp
Option C: Type III hyp
Option D: Type IV hyp
Correct Answer: Type I hyp ✔
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Option A: Exudative
Option B: Necrotizing
Option C: Granulomatous
Option D: Cytopathic
Correct Answer: Granulomatous ✔
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Option A: Increased capilary permeability
Option B: Decreased capilary permeability
Option C: Decreased interstitial fluid
Option D: Decreased blood flow
Correct Answer: Increased capilary permeability ✔
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Option A: RNA template
Option B: Rough endoplasmic reticulum
Option C: Polyunsaturated fatty acids
Option D: None of the above
Correct Answer: Polyunsaturated fatty acids ✔
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Option A: A specific type of chronic inflammation
Option B: Accumulation of modified macrophages
Option C: Initiated by a number of infectious and non infectious agents
Option D: A reaction of acute inflammation
Correct Answer: A reaction of acute inflammation ✔
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Option A: Low protein
Option B: Cloudy appearance
Option C: Increased specific gravity
Option D: High protein
Correct Answer: Low protein ✔
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Option A: Surface glycolipids
Option B: Sulfatide
Option C: Hetero polysaccharide
Option D: Sulfadase
Correct Answer: Surface glycolipids ✔
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Option A: Coagulase
Option B: Peroxidase
Option C: Bradykinin
Option D: Hyaluronidase
Correct Answer: Hyaluronidase ✔
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Option A: Tuberculosis
Option B: Granulation tissue
Option C: Syphilis
Option D: Sarcoidosis
Correct Answer: Granulation tissue ✔
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Option A: Epithelial changes
Option B: Organization
Option C: Formation of blood cloth
Option D: Acute inflammatory response
Correct Answer: Formation of blood cloth ✔
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Option A: Nutrition
Option B: Adequate blood supply
Option C: Size and location of wound
Option D: All of the above
Correct Answer: All of the above ✔
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Option A: Fibroblast
Option B: Macrophages
Option C: Polymorphs
Option D: Budding blood vessels
Correct Answer: Polymorphs ✔
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Option A: Protein
Option B: Steroids
Option C: Vitamin C
Option D: Adequate oxygen supply
Correct Answer: Steroids ✔
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Option A: Proximal end
Option B: Distal end
Option C: Both A and B
Option D: None of the above
Correct Answer: Proximal end ✔
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Option A: Primary union
Option B: Secondary union
Option C: Both of the above
Option D: None of the above
Correct Answer: Primary union ✔
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Option A: Infection
Option B: Cortisol
Option C: Foreign Bodies
Option D: All of the above
Correct Answer: All of the above ✔
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Option A: Implantation cyst
Option B: Keloid
Option C: Wound dehiscence
Option D: Cicatrisation
Correct Answer: Implantation cyst ✔
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Option A: Secondary healing
Option B: Primary healing
Option C: Cicatrisation
Option D: Regeneration
Correct Answer: Secondary healing ✔
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Option A: Giant cells
Option B: Fibroblasts
Option C: Endothelial cells
Option D: B & C
Correct Answer: B & C ✔
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Option A: Stable cells
Option B: Permanent cells
Option C: Labile cells
Option D: None of the above
Correct Answer: Labile cells ✔
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Option A: Fibroblasts
Option B: Myofibroblasts
Option C: Vitamin C
Option D: Vitamin D
Correct Answer: Vitamin D ✔
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Option A: M phase
Option B: G1 phase
Option C: S phase
Option D: G2 phase
Correct Answer: G1 phase ✔
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Option A: Go – G1 – S – G2 – M
Option B: Go – G1 – G2 – S – M
Option C: Go – M – G2 – S – G1
Option D: Go – G1 – S – M – G2
Correct Answer: A. Go – G1 – S – G2 – M ✔
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Option A: Formation of fibrous joint or pseudoarthrosis
Option B: Remodeling of bone
Option C: Formation of blood clot
Option D: Formation of procallus or osseous cells
Correct Answer: Formation of fibrous joint or pseudoarthrosis ✔
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Option A: Comminuted fracture
Option B: Compound fracture
Option C: Simple fracture
Option D: Green stick fracture
Correct Answer: Green stick fracture ✔
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Option A: Collagen
Option B: Blood supply
Option C: Growth factors
Option D: Hormones
Correct Answer: Collagen ✔
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All of the following events are common to primary and secondary wound healing except__________?
Option A: Formation of blood clot
Option B: Inflammatory response
Option C: Epithelial changes
Option D: Wound contraction
Correct Answer: Wound contraction ✔
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Option A: Primary intention
Option B: Secondary intention
Option C: Cicatrisation
Option D: All of the above
Correct Answer: Primary intention ✔
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Option A: Smooth muscle cells
Option B: Endotheilial cells
Option C: Bone marrow cells
Option D: Neurons
Correct Answer: Neurons ✔
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Option A: Right CCA is a branch of brachiocephalic artery
Option B: Left CCA is a branch of arch of aorta
Option C: The CCA is divided into external and internal carotid arteries at the level of upper border of thyroid cartilage
Option D: Carotid sinus acts as a chemoreceptor
Correct Answer: Carotid sinus acts as a chemoreceptor ✔
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Option A: Subclavian vein is a continuation of axillary’s vein
Option B: Internal jubular vein is direct continuation of sigmoid sinus
Option C: Brahio cephalic vein is formed behind the sternoclavicular joint by the union of internal jugular vein and the sublavian vein
Option D: All of the above
Correct Answer: All of the above ✔
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Option A: Cardiac muscle
Option B: Skeletal muscle
Option C: Neurons
Option D: All of the above
Correct Answer: All of the above ✔
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Option A: Mitosis – M phase
Option B: Gap – G2 phase
Option C: Gap – G1 phase
Option D: Synthesis – S phase
Correct Answer: D. Synthesis – S phase ✔
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Option A: Teratoma
Option B: Plemorphic tumours
Option C: Choristoma
Option D: Hamartoma
Correct Answer: Teratoma ✔
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Option A: Cytotoxic T – lymphocytes
Option B: Natural killer cells
Option C: Humoral mechanism
Option D: All of the above
Correct Answer: All of the above ✔
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Option A: Adenomas
Option B: Adenosarcomas
Option C: Angiomas
Option D: Both A and B
Correct Answer: Both A and B ✔
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Option A: Modified melanocytes
Option B: Cells containing excessive melanin pigment
Option C: Melangocytes which are functionally more active
Option D: large melanocytes
Correct Answer: Modified melanocytes ✔
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Option A: Lack of functional differentiation
Option B: Lack of structural differentiation
Option C: Is a characteristic feature of malignancy
Option D: All of the above
Correct Answer: All of the above ✔
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Option A: Solar keratosis
Option B: Chronic ulcers
Option C: Leukoplakia
Option D: All of the above
Correct Answer: All of the above ✔
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Option A: Face below alatragus line
Option B: Face above alatragus line
Option C: Anywhere on hairless skin
Option D: All of the above
Correct Answer: Face above alatragus line ✔
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Option A: Biclonal in origin
Option B: Monoclonal in origin
Option C: Multiclonal in origin
Option D: None of the above
Correct Answer: Monoclonal in origin ✔
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Option A: Chemicals
Option B: Radiation
Option C: Viruses
Option D: All of the above
Correct Answer: All of the above ✔
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Option A: Hypertrophy
Option B: Atrophy
Option C: Hyperplasia
Option D: Metaplasia
Correct Answer: Hyperplasia ✔
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Option A: Angioma
Option B: Hematoma
Option C: Lymphosarcoma
Option D: Papilloma
Correct Answer: Angioma ✔
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Option A: Dysplasia
Option B: Metaplasia
Option C: Anaplasia
Option D: Aplasia
Correct Answer: Metaplasia ✔
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Option A: Grading is the degree of macroscopic and microscopic differentiation of tumour
Option B: Staging is the extent of spread of tumour
Option C: TNM and AJC systems can be used for staging malignant tumours
Option D: All of the above
Correct Answer: All of the above ✔
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Option A: Osteosarcoma
Option B: Osteoma
Option C: Chondrosarcoma
Option D: None of the above
Correct Answer: Osteosarcoma ✔
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Option A: Pagets disease
Option B: Osteomyelitis
Option C: Fibrous dysplasia
Option D: Achondroplasia
Correct Answer: Pagets disease ✔
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Option A: Hyperplasia
Option B: Hypertrophy
Option C: Both of the above
Option D: None of the above
Correct Answer: Both of the above ✔
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The most characteristic feature of a neoplasm as opposed to inflammatory over growth is__________?
Option A: Abnormal mitosis
Option B: Size of the lesion
Option C: Progressive growth after removal of causative stimuli
Option D: Tendency to grow rapidly
Correct Answer: Progressive growth after removal of causative stimuli ✔
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Option A: Formation of amorphous densities in the mitochondrial matix
Option B: Diminished generation of adenosine triphosphate (ATP)
Option C: Formation of blebs in the plasma membrane
Option D: Detachment of ribosomes from the granular endoplasmic reticulum
Correct Answer: Formation of amorphous densities in the mitochondrial matix ✔
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Option A: Aplasia
Option B: Anaplasia
Option C: Abnormal mitosis
Option D: Pleomorphism
Correct Answer: Pleomorphism ✔
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Option A: Liver
Option B: Spleen
Option C: Lymph nodes
Option D: Lung
Correct Answer: Lung ✔
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Option A: Retinoblastoma
Option B: Osteosarcoma
Option C: Carcinoma breast
Option D: Endometrial Carcinoma
Correct Answer: Endometrial Carcinoma ✔
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Option A: papilloma virus
Option B: Hepatitis B virus
Option C: Epstein Barr virus
Option D: Parvovirus B-19
Correct Answer: Parvovirus B-19 ✔
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Option A: AML
Option B: CLL
Option C: CML
Option D: All of the above
Correct Answer: CML ✔
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Option A: Anaplastic
Option B: Dysplastic
Option C: Metaplastic
Option D: Hyperplastic
Correct Answer: Anaplastic ✔
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Option A: Ames test
Option B: Redox text
Option C: Bacteriophage
Option D: Gene splicing
Correct Answer: Ames test ✔
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Option A: Hyperplasia
Option B: Hypertrophy
Option C: Both of the above
Option D: None of the above
Correct Answer: Both of the above ✔
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Option A: Ossifying fibroma
Option B: Aneurysmal bone cyst
Option C: Fibrous dysplasia
Option D: None of the above
Correct Answer: Aneurysmal bone cyst ✔
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Option A: Thyroid
Option B: Prostate
Option C: Kidney
Option D: Uterus
Correct Answer: Prostate ✔
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Option A: Ewing’s sarcoma
Option B: Osteosarcoma
Option C: Osteoma
Option D: Fibro sarcoma
Correct Answer: A. Ewing’s sarcoma ✔
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Option A: 1 : 6
Option B: 1 : 5
Option C: 1 : 1
Option D: 6 : 4
Correct Answer: 1 : 1 ✔
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Option A: In basal layers of epithelium
Option B: In surface layers only
Option C: From basal layer to surface
Option D: None of the above
Correct Answer: From basal layer to surface ✔
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Option A: Carcinoma
Option B: Sarcomas
Option C: Papilloma
Option D: All of the above
Correct Answer: Carcinoma ✔
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Option A: Neoplastic cells are cohesive
Option B: Neoplastic cells are are non cohesive
Option C: Hyper chromatic and pleomorphism of tumour cells
Option D: All of the above
Correct Answer: Neoplastic cells are are non cohesive ✔
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Option A: Nasopharyngeal carcinoma
Option B: Burkitts lymphoma
Option C: Infectious mononucleosis
Option D: All of the above
Correct Answer: All of the above ✔
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Option A: Rhabdomyoma
Option B: Rhabdomyosarcoma
Option C: Leiomyoma
Option D: Leiomyosarcoma
Correct Answer: Rhabdomyosarcoma ✔
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Keratin pearls with downward proliferation of epithelial masses is characteristic of__________?
Option A: Squamous cell carcinoma
Option B: Basal cell carcinoma
Option C: Epidermoid carcinoma
Option D: Melanoma
Correct Answer: Squamous cell carcinoma ✔
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Option A: Skin and pilosebaceous adnexa
Option B: Skin and mucosa
Option C: Skin, lips and tongue
Option D: All of the above
Correct Answer: Skin and pilosebaceous adnexa ✔
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Option A: Achalasia
Option B: Cacchexia
Option C: Atelexis
Option D: Cacoguesia
Correct Answer: Cacchexia ✔
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Option A: HPV
Option B: EBV
Option C: Hepatitis -B virus
Option D: All of the above
Correct Answer: All of the above ✔
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Option A: Breast
Option B: Lung
Option C: Cervix
Option D: Ovary
Correct Answer: Breast ✔
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Option A: T- cell
Option B: B – cell
Option C: Lymph vessels
Option D: Lymph nodes
Correct Answer: B. B – cell ✔
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